Sec. 16a-3q. Hydrogen strategic plan.
Sec. 16a-3r. Federal funding opportunities for projects or activities that advance hydrogen.
Sec. 16a-3s. Proceeding to examine stray voltage.
Sec. 16a-3i. Determination of adequacy of Class I renewable energy sources. Solicitation re Class I renewable energy sources. Use of large-scale hydropower in renewable portfolio standards. (a) During the calendar year commencing January 1, 2014, and continuing each calendar year thereafter, if alternative compliance payments pursuant to subsection (h) of section 16-244c or subsection (k) of section 16-245 are made for failure to meet the renewable portfolio standards, there shall be a presumption for the calendar year the alternative compliance payments are made that there is an insufficient supply of Class I renewable energy sources, as defined in section 16-1, for electric suppliers or electric distribution companies to comply with the requirements of section 16-245a.
(b) In the event there is a presumption of insufficient supply of Class I renewable energy sources pursuant to subsection (a) of this section for the calendar year the alternative compliance payments are made, the Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection may determine whether such payments resulted from a material shortage of Class I renewable energy sources. In making this determination, the commissioner shall consider whether such payments resulted from intentional or negligent action by an electric supplier or electric distribution company not to purchase renewable energy credits available in the New England Power Pool Generation Information System market.
(c) In the event there is such a presumption pursuant to subsection (a) of this section and the commissioner finds that the alternative compliance payments were due to a material shortage of Class I renewable energy sources pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the commissioner shall determine the adequacy, or potential adequacy, of Class I renewable energy sources to meet the succeeding years' renewable portfolio standard. In making this determination, the commissioner may consider (1) future cost and availability of certificates issued by the New England Power Pool Generation Information System based on the status of projects under development in the region, (2) future requirements of certificates issued by the New England Power Pool Generation Information System in other states, and (3) the projected compliance costs of Class I renewable energy sources.
(d) In the event there is such a presumption pursuant to subsection (a) of this section and the commissioner finds a material shortage of Class I renewable energy sources pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, and in addition to determining the adequacy pursuant to subsection (c) of this section, the commissioner shall, in consultation with the procurement manager identified in subsection (l) of section 16-2, the Office of Consumer Counsel and the Attorney General, solicit proposals from providers of Class I renewable energy sources, as defined in section 16-1, operational as of the date that such solicitation is issued. If the commissioner, in consultation with the procurement manager identified in subsection (l) of section 16-2, finds such proposals to be in the interest of ratepayers including, but not limited to, the delivered price of such sources, and consistent with the requirements to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with section 22a-200a, and in accordance with the policy goals outlined in the Comprehensive Energy Strategy, adopted pursuant to section 16a-3d, the commissioner, in consultation with the procurement manager identified in subsection (l) of section 16-2, may select proposals from such sources to meet up to the amount necessary to ensure an adequate incremental supply of Class I renewable energy sources to rectify any projected shortage of Class I renewable energy supply identified pursuant to subsection (c) of this section. The commissioner shall direct the electric distribution companies to enter into power purchase agreements for energy, capacity and environmental attributes, or any combination thereof, from such selected proposals for periods of not more than ten years. Certificates issued by the New England Power Pool Generation Information System for any Class I renewable energy sources procured under this section shall be sold in the New England Power Pool Generation Information System renewable energy credit market to be used by any electric supplier or electric distribution company to meet the requirements of section 16-245a. Any such agreement shall be subject to review and approval by the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority, which review shall commence upon the filing of the signed power purchase agreement with the authority. The authority shall issue a decision on such agreement not later than thirty days after such filing. In the event the authority does not issue a decision within thirty days after such agreement is filed with the authority, the agreement shall be deemed approved. The net costs of any such agreement, including costs incurred by the electric distribution companies under the agreement and reasonable costs incurred by the electric distribution companies in connection with the agreement, shall be recovered through a fully reconciling component of electric rates for all customers of electric distribution companies.
(e) Notwithstanding subdivision (1) of subsection (b) of section 16-245a, in the event that (1) for any calendar year commencing on or after January 1, 2014, there is such a presumption pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, (2) the commissioner finds material shortage of Class I renewable energy sources pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, (3) there is a determination of inadequacy pursuant to subsection (c) of this section, and (4) any contracts for Class I renewable energy sources approved by the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority pursuant to subsection (d) of this section yield an amount of Class I renewable energy sources that is insufficient to rectify any projected shortage pursuant to subsection (c) of this section, then commencing on or after October 1, 2023, the commissioner may allow not more than two and one-half percentage points of the Class I renewable portfolio standards established pursuant to section 16-245a effective for the succeeding and subsequent calendar years to be satisfied by large-scale hydropower procured pursuant to section 16a-3g. The requirements applicable to electric suppliers and electric distribution companies pursuant to section 16-245a shall consequently be reduced by not more than two and one-half percentage points in proportion to the commissioner's action, provided (A) the commissioner shall not allow a total of more than five percentage points of the Class I renewable portfolio standard to be met by large-scale hydropower on and after October 1, 2023, and (B) no such large-scale hydropower shall be eligible to trade in the New England Power Pool Generation Information System renewable energy credit market.
(P.A. 13-303, S. 9; P.A. 14-94, S. 35; P.A. 18-50, S. 29; P.A. 22-118, S. 166; P.A. 23-102, S. 37.)
History: P.A. 13-303 effective June 5, 2013; P.A. 14-94 amended Subsec. (d) to reword provision re net costs recovered by electric distribution companies pursuant to power purchase agreements, effective June 6, 2014; P.A. 18-50 amended Subsec. (e) by adding “subdivision (1) of” re Sec. 16-245a(b); P.A. 22-118 amended Subsec. (a) to change reference from Subsec. (j) to Subsec. (h); P.A. 23-102 amended Subsec. (e) by changing January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020, to October 1, 2023, increasing percentage of the Class I renewable portfolio standards that may be satisfied by large-scale hydropower from 1 per cent to 2.5 per cent, and made technical and conforming changes.
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Sec. 16a-3q. Hydrogen strategic plan. On or before December 31, 2024, the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection shall develop and approve a hydrogen strategic plan. The hydrogen strategic plan shall include recommendations for policies, programs and regulations to grow the state's hydrogen economy, consistent with the greenhouse gas reduction goals established in section 22a-200a, the Integrated Resources Plan approved pursuant to section 16a-3a and the Comprehensive Energy Strategy prepared pursuant to section 16a-3d. The strategic plan shall (1) encourage the use of hydrogen produced from renewable energy, (2) prioritize the application of hydrogen produced from renewable energy to aviation, maritime shipping, ferry transportation, heavy-duty trucking and high-temperature industrial processes, and (3) describe the current and projected cost differences between powering such sectors and processes with hydrogen produced from renewable energy compared to powering such sectors and processes with fossil fuels.
(P.A. 23-156, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 23-156 effective July 1, 2023.
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Sec. 16a-3r. Federal funding opportunities for projects or activities that advance hydrogen. The Commissioner of Energy and Environmental Protection shall, in consultation with the Governor, the Secretary of the Office of Policy and Management and the Commissioner of Economic and Community Development, seek opportunities for federal funding of projects or activities that advance hydrogen in the state. The Commissioner of Economic and Community Development shall identify the state's share of the projects or activities required to meet the matching requirements of the federal acts making the funds available to the state.
(P.A. 23-156, S. 3.)
History: P.A. 23-156 effective June 27, 2023.
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Sec. 16a-3s. Proceeding to examine stray voltage. Not later than January 1, 2024, the Public Utilities Regulatory Authority shall initiate a proceeding to examine occurrences of stray voltage in the state and make recommendations for detecting, mitigating and preventing stray voltage. As used in this section, “stray voltage” means any unwanted electrical leakage.
(P.A. 23-102, S. 29.)
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Sec. 16a-15. Display of signs on fuel pumps. Display of signs posting gas prices for public and members of retail membership organization. Statement of percentage and type of alcohol on certain documentation. Display of minimum cetane number for diesel fuel. Display of signs re payment by debit card if cash discount offered. (a) Each person shall publicly display and maintain on each pump or other dispensing device from which any gasoline or other product intended as a fuel for aircraft, motor boats or motor vehicles is sold by such person, such signs as the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, by regulation adopted pursuant to chapter 54, may require to inform the public of the octane rating and price of such gasoline or other product. Each person selling such gasoline or other product on both a full-serve and self-serve basis and displaying the price of such gasoline or other product at a location on the premises other than at a pump or other dispensing device shall include in such display both the full-serve and self-serve prices of such gasoline or other product, in such manner as the commissioner, by regulation, may require. All signs as to price shall display the per-gallon price and shall not display the price of less or more than one gallon, except that a sign as to the price of a specialty engine fuel, including, but not limited to, a racing fuel or a fuel intended for an agricultural or other off-road application, that is not subject to a quality or usability standard established by the American Society for Testing and Materials, or another national consensus quality or usability standard, may display the price per gallon, per one-half gallon or per liter.
(b) Each person shall publicly display and maintain on each pump or other dispensing device from which any gasoline or other product containing more than one per cent by volume of ethanol, methanol or any other cosolvent, and intended as a fuel for aircraft, motor boats or motor vehicles is sold by such person, such signs as the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, by regulation adopted pursuant to chapter 54, may require to inform the public of the amount of methanol, ethanol or any other cosolvent contained in such gasoline or other product.
(c) Each person shall publicly display and maintain, in a like manner, size and print, on each sign on display to the general public intended to inform the public of the price of gasoline and each pump or other dispensing device from which any gasoline intended as a fuel for motor vehicles is sold by such person, such signs as the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, by regulation adopted pursuant to chapter 54, may require to inform the public of the price for such gasoline for such members of the public as any such sign that informs of the price of such gasoline for members of any club, members of any retail membership organization or persons who qualify for any special discount offer.
(d) Any manufacturer, hauler, blender, agent, jobber, consignment agent, or distributor who distributes gasoline, or other products intended as fuel for aircraft, motor boats, or motor vehicles, which contain one per cent or more alcohol by volume, shall state the percentage of alcohol and the type of alcohol on any invoice, bill of lading, shipping paper, or other documentation used in normal and customary business practices.
(e) Each person shall publicly display and maintain on each pump or other dispensing device from which any diesel fuel intended as a fuel for motor boats or motor vehicles is sold by such person, the minimum cetane number for such diesel fuel.
(f) Each person shall publicly display and maintain on each pump or other dispensing device from which any gasoline intended as a fuel for motor boats or motor vehicles is sold by such person, such signs as the Commissioner of Consumer Protection, by regulation adopted pursuant to chapter 54, may require to inform the public of whether, if a discount is offered for payment by cash, payment for such gasoline by debit card is processed at the credit card price per gallon or the cash price per gallon or, for a specialty engine fuel described in subsection (a) of this section, the credit card price per gallon, per one-half gallon or per liter or the cash price per gallon, per one-half gallon or per liter.
(g) Any person who, by himself or herself or by his or her agent or employee, violates any provision of this section or such regulations shall be fined not less than fifty dollars or more than two hundred fifty dollars.
(h) A violation of subsection (c) of this section shall constitute an unfair trade practice under subsection (a) of section 42-110b.
(P.A. 74-285, S. 17, 20; P.A. 75-537, S. 10, 55; P.A. 77-614, S. 19, 610; P.A. 80-436, S. 6, 7; P.A. 84-244, S. 1; 84-279, S. 2; P.A. 98-128, S. 6, 10; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, S. 146(c), (d); P.A. 04-169, S. 17; 04-189, S. 1; P.A. 05-89, S. 1; P.A. 06-29, S. 1; P.A. 07-217, S. 65; P.A. 13-270, S. 1; P.A. 14-16, S. 1; P.A. 23-99, S. 1.)
History: P.A. 75-537 replaced energy agency administrator with commissioner of planning and energy policy; P.A. 77-614 replaced commissioner with secretary of the office of policy and management; P.A. 80-436 required that signs display per-gallon price; P.A. 84-244 divided section into Subsecs. and required persons selling gasoline or other product on both a full-serve and self-serve basis and displaying the price of the product in a place other than the pump to include in such display both the full-serve and self-serve price of the product as the commissioner of consumer protection requires; P.A. 84-279 inserted new Subsecs. (b) and (c), requiring invoices and signs to display the amount of methanol, ethanol or other cosolvent in gasoline or other fuel, designating prior provisions as Subsecs. (a) and (d) and substituting “commissioner of consumer protection” for “secretary” in Subsec. (a); P.A. 98-128 made technical changes in Subsecs. (a) and (b), added new Subsec. (c) to establish specific requirements for the period commencing May 27, 1998, and ending on October 1, 1998 re displaying a notice to inform public of requirements of Subsec. (c) of Sec. 14-332a and redesignated existing Subsecs. (c) and (d) as Subsecs. (d) and (e), effective May 27, 1998; June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6 and P.A. 04-169 replaced Commissioner and Department of Consumer Protection with Commissioner and Department of Agriculture and Consumer Protection, effective July 1, 2004; P.A. 04-189 repealed Sec. 146 of June 30 Sp. Sess. P.A. 03-6, thereby reversing the merger of the Departments of Agriculture and Consumer Protection, effective June 1, 2004; P.A. 05-89 amended Subsec. (c) by designating existing provisions as new Subdiv. (1), making technical changes therein, and adding new Subdiv. (2) re posting of gas prices for members of the public and members of any retail membership organization, effective June 7, 2005; P.A. 06-29 deleted former Subsec. (c)(1) re notice display during period from May 27, 1998, to October 1, 1998, redesignated existing Subsec. (c)(2) as new Subsec. (c) and added Subsec. (f) specifying that violation of Subsec. (c) is an unfair trade practice, effective May 8, 2006; P.A. 07-217 made technical changes in Subsec. (e), effective July 12, 2007; P.A. 13-270 added new Subsec. (e) re display of minimum cetane number for diesel fuel on each pump or other dispensing device and redesignated existing Subsecs. (e) and (f) as Subsecs. (f) and (g), effective January 1, 2014; P.A. 14-16 added new Subsec. (f) re display of signs informing public if payment by debit card is processed at credit card or cash price per gallon and redesignated existing Subsecs. (f) and (g) as Subsecs. (g) and (h); P.A. 23-99 amended Subsecs. (a) and (f) by adding provisions re specialty engine fuels, and made technical changes in Subsec. (a), effective June 29, 2023.
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